01

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有三種形式

1. 謂語是be（am/is/are）的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：主語+be+表語(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語)。I am hungry.You are beautiful.He is a doctor.②否定形式：主語+be+not+表語(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語)。I am not hungry.You aren't beautiful.He isn't a doctor.③一般疑問句形式：Be+主語+表語(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語)?

肯定回答：Yes,主語+be. 否定回答：No, 主語+ be+not.—Are you hungry?—Yes，I am./No,I'm not.—Is he a doctor?—Yes, he is./No, he isn,t.④特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+Be開頭的一般疑問句?—What is he?—He is a doctor.注意：be要隨著主語變。

2. 謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞）的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：“主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語”或“主語+不及物動(dòng)詞”。She has a little brother.她有一個(gè)弟弟。The sun rises in the east.太陽從東方升起。②否定形式：“主語+don't/doesn't+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語”或“主語+don't/doesn't+不及物動(dòng)詞”。She doesn't have a little brother.她沒有弟弟。I don't eat every morning.我每天早晨都不吃飯。③一般疑問句形式：“Do/Does+主語+及物動(dòng)詞原形+賓語”或“Do/Does+主語+不及物動(dòng)詞原形”。肯定回答：Yes,主語+do/does. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ don't/doesn't.—Do you eat every morning?—Yes, I do./No, I don't.—Does she have a little brother?—Yes, she does./No, she doesn't.④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does開頭的一般疑問句?What do you like?When do you go to school?注意：根據(jù)主語確定用do還是does。

3. 謂語是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may...+動(dòng)詞原形的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語。I can finish my homework.②否定形式：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+not+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語。I can't finish my homework.③一般疑問句形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can/May.....+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+主語+賓語。

肯定回答是：Yes,主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not.—Can you finish your homework?—Yes，I can./No, I can't.④特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....開頭的一般疑問句?—What can you do?—I can do my homework.注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+動(dòng)詞原形。

02

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) ；表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；表示主語具備的性格和能力；表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理等。例如：

He is twelve.他十二歲了。I go to school at seven every day.我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。They can speak Japanese.他們會(huì)說日語。

2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和表示時(shí)間的頻度副詞連用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。例如：

I often read books in the evening.我經(jīng)常在晚上讀書。Do they usually go to school by bike?他們通常騎自行車去上學(xué)嗎?He doesn’t like milk. He never drinks it.他不喜歡牛奶。他從來不喝它。Sometimes my mother gets back at five.有時(shí)候媽媽五點(diǎn)鐘回來。

3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也常和以下時(shí)間表達(dá)法連用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。例如：

Do they have math in the morning?他們?cè)缟嫌袛?shù)學(xué)課嗎?She sleeps nine hours every night.她每晚睡九個(gè)小時(shí)。It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.每天寫作業(yè)花費(fèi)我兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。They don’t have classes on Sundays.

他們周日不上課。

4. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來含義

a. 下列瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。----When does the bus star? 汽車什么時(shí)候開?----It stars in ten minutes. 十分鐘后。b. 在主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間或條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即所謂的“主將從現(xiàn)”。例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來后，讓他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。

03

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成

1. 動(dòng)詞原形后面直接加-s

look—looks　read—reads　play—plays　　　 　stop—stops

2. 在以字母s, x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es

miss—misses　　fix—fixes　watch—watches　wash—washes

go—goes　　　do—does

3. 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i，再加-es

carry–carriesstudy–studies　hurry–hurries　cry–cries

4. 特殊變化

have-has

be-is

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